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- $Unique_ID{BRK03498}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Asperger's Syndrome}
- $Subject{Asperger's Syndrome Autism}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 680:
- Asperger's Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Asperger's Syndrome)
- is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Autism
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of the report.
-
- Asperger's Syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder. The inability to
- understand other's feelings, single-mindedness, lack of verbal skills, social
- withdrawal and over-sensitivity are characteristic of this syndrome. Many
- scientists believe that Asperger's syndrome is a sub-type of autism, that is
- differentiated by a later onset (it is usually not recognized before 30
- months of age) and speech is not delayed as it usually is in autistic
- children. (For more information about autism, choose "Autism" as your search
- term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Symptoms
-
- Symptoms of Asperger's do not usually occur before the third year of life.
- There may be a lack of normal interest and pleasure in human company during
- childhood. Imaginative play is absent in some, while in others, pretend play
- will be repetitious.
-
- Speech begins at the normally expected age. It is abnormal, consisting
- of lengthy conversations on a favorite subject. A full understanding of
- grammar is eventually reached, although there may be difficulty in using
- pronouns correctly. Those with Asperger's Syndrome will often refer to
- themselves in the 2nd or 3rd person.
-
- Nonverbal communication is also affected, with little facial expression,
- except with strong emotions such as anger or misery. Voice expressions tend
- to be monotonous or exaggerated. Body gestures are limited, sometimes clumsy
- and inappropriate. Walking may also be delayed.
-
- Perhaps the most distinguishable symptom is the child's inability to
- understand social interaction. They tend to withdraw from society, mainly
- because their behavior is naive and unusual. This may be caused by the
- inability to comprehend normal social behavior. There may be instances of
- some antisocial behavior such as solving problems by becoming solitary and
- withdrawn. Relations with the opposite sex offers another example of their
- inappropriate behavior. Wanting to be normal, but with no understanding, a
- young man with Asperger's syndrome and a strong sex drive, may show
- inappropriate behavior towards the opposite sex.
-
- Major motor movements, such as running and ball throwing, tend to be
- uncoordinated with abnormal posture and gait. Because of poor motor skills,
- most people with Asperger's Syndrome have a problem playing games, drawing
- and writing. Many children with Asperger's Syndrome have excellent rote
- memory and show concentrated interest in one or two subjects (astronomy,
- train schedules, telephones books etc.). It has been recognized that some
- will also have significant musical ability, while others will have specific
- learning problems affecting math, reading or writing skills. The lack of
- social and communication skills gives them an image of being different,
- causing problems for them in school. They become particularly aware of these
- differences around adolescence.
-
- Affected Population
- Asperger's Syndrome affects males more often than females.
-
- Causes
-
- The cause of Asperger's Syndrome is unknown. It can be found in children and
- adults with a history of pre-, peri-, or post natal problems. Nearly half of
- those studied suffered lack of oxygen at birth, possibly causing cerebral
- damage. An organic deficiency of brain function has been suggested as
- another cause. Hereditary aspects of Asperger's Syndrome have not been well
- explored.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Intensive, highly structured, skill-oriented training on a continual basis is
- most useful for both children and adults with this syndrome. Other treatment
- is symptomatic and supportive.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through
- November 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to
- keep every entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and
- accurate. Please check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for
- the most current information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Asperger's Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- Dr. Fred R. Volkmar
- Yale Child Study Center
- 230 South Frontage Rd.
- P.O. Box 3333
- New Haven, CT 06510-8009
-
- Dr. Marth Dencklau
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
- 600 North Wolfe St.
- Baltimore, MD 21205
-
- NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke (NINDS)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
- (800) 352-9424
-
- Association of Children with Learning Disabilities
- 4156 Library Road
- Pittsburgh, PA 15234
- (412) 341-8077
-
- NIH/National Society for Children and Adults with Autism (NSAC)
- 1234 Massachusetts Avenue Suite 1017
- Washington, DC 20005
- (202) 783-0125
-
- References
-
- ASPERGER'S SYNDROME: A CLINICAL ACCOUNT, L. Wing; Psychological Medicine,
- (February, 1981, Issue 11). Pp.115-129.
-
- IDENTICAL TRIPLETS WITH ASPERGER'S SYNDROME, E. Bourgoine; et al.; BR J
- Psychiatry (September, 1983, issue 143). Pp.261-265.
-
- ASPERGER'S SYNDROME AND AMINOACIDURIA: A CASE EXAMPLE; SW Miles, et al.;
- BR J Psychiatry (March, 1987, issue 150). Pp. 397-400.
-
- A POSSIBLE CASE OF ASPERGER'S SYNDROME, A Munro; et al.; CAN J Psychiatry
- (August, 1987, issue 32(6)) Pp. 465-466.
-
- IS ASPERGER'S A SYNDROME?, Green J.; Dev Med & Child Neur; August 1990
- (vol 32, (8)). Pp. 743-747.
-
- ASPERGER SYNDROME; Gilberg C.; Child Psycho & Psychi; 1989; vol 30 (4));
- Pp. 631-638.
-
- ASPERGER'S SYNDROME; TO BE OR NOT TO BE?; Kerbeshian et al.; British J of
- Psychi; May 1990; (vol 156); Pp. 721-725.
-
- NON-AUTISTIC PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS; Volkmar, F., et al.;
- Psychi; 1990; (vol 2 ch 27); Pp. 1-10.
-
- ASPERGER'S SYNDROME, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT AND OUTCOME. Szatmari, P.
- Psychi Clinics of N A; March 1991, (vol 14)). Pp. 81-92.
-
- DEVELOPMENTAL CORTICAL ANOMALIES IN ASPERGER'S SYNDROME: NEUROLOGICAL
- FINDINGS IN TWO PATIENTS.; Besthier, M., et al.; 1990; (2); Pp. 197-201.
-
- LEFT TEMPORAL LOBE DAMAGE IN ASPERGER'S SYNDROME; Jones P., et al.;
- British J of Psychi; April, 1990; (vol 156); Pp. 570-572.
-
- NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF AN ASPERGER'S SYNDROME WITH EXCEPTIONAL
- CALCULATING ABILITY; Stevens, D., et al.; Clinic Neuropsycho; July 1988; vol
- 2 (3)); Pp. 228-238.
-
-